Cilt:49 Sayı:01 (2022)
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Item New Classification of Intraoral Phosphor Plate Artifacts Based on Literature Review(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) İncebeyaz, Burak; Diş Hekimliği; Diş Hekimliği FakültesiAIM: Artifacts (error) encountered in phosphor plates (PSP) used in intraoral digital imaging were evaluated under a new classification. METHODS: In our study, when obtaining images with intraoral phosphor plates, artifacts before, during, after the irradiation and artifacts caused by the scanner were determined according to review of the literature. RESULTS: Intraoral radiographs are obtained while many artifacts are encountered. These artifacts can occur in both conventional and digital systems. Artifacts that ocur before irradiation such as scratches, cracks, fingerprints, dust particles, bite marks, plate edge peeling; during irradiation such as positioning error, motion artifact, shooting from different angles errors, cone-cut, double image, light-dark images, glare, fading, revers irradiation , refraction, distortion; after irradiation such as irregular image density, noise, writing artifact, fingerprints, fading artifacts; and depending on the scanner artifacts such as inclined placement, a parallel line to scan direction, dust fragment, plate size determination error has been shown to be visible. CONCLUSION: An inaccurate image with no diagnostic value requires regeneration. For this reason, knowing the causes of artifacts in radiographic images is important for the patient, the environment, and the practitioner to prevent unnecessary x-rays (radiation).Item Diagnosis of Early Dental Caries by Traditional, Contemporary and Developing Imaging Methods(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Akyıldız, Emine; Diş Hekimliği; Diş Hekimliği FakültesiDental caries is an important problem for human health which is frequently seen under clinical conditions and also progresses slowly, causes severe pain and even tooth loss, and affects the quality of life. Especially in pediatric patients, with the early detection of caries, treatment procedures can be performed with uncomplicated methods. In today's dentistry; preventive applications and minimally invasive approaches are gaining importance, and early diagnosis of initial caries lesions is very important for minimally invasive dentistry. With the development of technology, many new methods are being introduced to ensure the early diagnosis of dental caries. In this review, conventional, contemporary, and developing approaches used in the detection of dental caries will be presented.Item Ameloblastoma of the Posterior Mandible: Radical Resection and Reconstruction Using Osteofaciocutaneous Free Fibular Flap(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Bozkurt, Poyzan; Other; OtherThis study reports a case of an ameloblastoma in the posterior region of the right mandible in a 38-year-old female patient. The diagnosis was made after needle aspiration biopsy and resection treatment was planned. The resected mandible was constructed via osteofaciocutaneous free fibular flap. Today, this treatment option is considered the gold standard and in the present case, treatment results were favorable.Item Regenerative Endodontic Treatment of Permanent Teeth with Open Apex: Case Series(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Bayram, Melike; Other; OtherThe purpose of these case reports is the follow-up of root development and lesions in the apical with different regenerative protocols applied to teeth with vital or vital open apex. In the first case, double antibiotic paste was used for 3 weeks to ensure disinfection, and in the second case, triple antibiotic paste was used. Regeneration treatment was applied with apical bleeding method in the first case and with PRF in the second case. After the blood clots were formed, closure was provided with MTA Plus. It was observed that the lesion area healed completely at the end of 1 year and gave a positive response to the pulp test with electricity. In the second case, it was observed that the radiolucent area in the apical region was greatly improved during the 6th month follow-up, and a positive response was obtained for the pulp test with electricity and the cold test.Item The Awareness, Anxiety and Depression Levels of Dentists and Dentistry Patients Regarding the COVID-19 Pandemic(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Ciğerim, Saadet Çınarsoy; Other; OtherPurpose: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic which started in late 2019 has had significant effects on all areas, especially the health sector. The purpose of this study is to investigate the awareness, anxiety and depression levels of dentists and orthodontic and dental patients regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was an online survey study including 679 individuals at the ages of 12-60 consisting of dentists and dentistry patients (female, n=395; male, n=284). The survey was consisted of 3 parts. The first part consisted of a set of questions on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge levels on the COVID-19 pandemic and attitudes and perceptions regarding infection control, sterilization at dental clinics. The second and third parts consisted of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Depression Severity (PHQ-9) questionnaires examining psychological status in the pandemic period. The level of significance was accepted as p<0.05. Results: While the rate of experiencing occupational future anxiety in the dentists was significantly higher than that in the patients, the rate of making plans for the future in the patient group was significantly higher in comparison to the dentists. The rates of thinking that the risk of disease during dental procedures is high were significantly different between the dentist and patient groups. There was also a significant difference between the groups in terms of their GAD-7 scores, where the scores of the dentists were found to be lower than those of the patients. Conclusıon: Both the patient and dentist groups had moderate levels of generalized anxiety disorder and depression, while these levels were higher among the patients. There was almost a consensus between the patients and dentists on the idea that the risk of infection is high during dental procedures. Because of the pandemic, the dentists experienced concerns during treatment, and the vast majority performed only emergency treatments.Item The Prevalence of Radix Paramolaris and Entomolaris in Mandibular Molar Teeth: A Retrospective Study(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Gökdeniz, Seyide Tuğçe; Diş Hekimliği; Diş Hekimliği FakültesiAbstract Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the frequency of radix paramolaris (RP) and radix entomolaris (RE) in the first and second molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The CBCT images of a total of 400 patients at the ages of 14 to 66 were included in the study. On the images that were included, two maxillofacial radiologists simultaneously examined the presence of radix paramolaris and radix entomolaris by using axial CBCT cross-sections from the pulpal chamber towards the apical. Results: At least one RE or RP was observed in 36 of the 400 patients (9%). A total of 20 RPs (1.25%) were observed, including 2 bilateral and 16 unilateral cases. A total of 38 REs (2.38%) were observed, including 11 bilateral and 16 unilateral cases. There was at least one RE or RP in 16 of the 149 male patients (10.7%) and in 20 of the 251 female patients (8%). Conclusion: Consequently, while the prevalence and types of third root variations differ between different populations, RE is seen more frequently in mandibular first molar teeth, and RP is seen more frequently in mandibular second molar teeth. No significant relationship could be found between sex and the prevalence of third root variations in mandibular molar teeth images included in this study. No significant difference was found between the right and left sides as the localizations of RP and RE in terms of prevalence. Keywords: Radix entomolaris; Radix paramolaris; Root canal morphology; Cone-beam CT; Mandibular molarItem Cyclic Fatigue Resistance and SEM Evaluation of Fractured Instrument Surfaces; Comparison of ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Gold Files(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Tezer, Emine Odabaşı; Diş Hekimliği; Diş Hekimliği FakültesiPurpose:To compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Universal (PTU) and ProTaper Gold (PTG) nickel titanium files at different angles and to examine the fractured surface areas by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: A special static test device made of stainless steel with artificial canals at 3 different angles. The files were rotated until they were broken in artificial canals with 45°, 60° and 90° angles and also the time was recorded using a digital stopwatch. The number of cycles to failure was calculated for each instrument. Statistical analyzes were made by using one-way analysis of variance (Anova) for comparison between main groups. Results: PTG files showed higher fatigue resistance (p<0.001) than PTU files in all groups. SEM results displayed similar characteristic structures in pits and fissures caused by fracture due to cyclic fatigue regardless of angle and file type. Conclusion: Although surface properties of broken instruments do not play a decisive role in clinical practice it was observed that heat-treated Ni-Ti files exhibited higher fatigue resistance at all angles compared to conventional files according to the number of cycles during experimental periodItem Pulp Dimensions as an Indicator of Age in Turkish Subpopulation(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Yanık, Deniz; Other; OtherPurpose: Age prediction is an important factor in the legal process in forensic medicine. This study aims to assess the impact of pulp height and width on dental age prediction. Materials & Methods: This study consisted of 1000 patients (11-77 years, 500 females and males). The mandibular first molar was assessed on panoramic radiography. Two age estimation methods were applied. The first technique included measurements of pulp length and crown length whereas parameters of the second method were crown width and pulp width. Patients were divided into 4 age groups: Group 1 (between 11 and 18 years), Group 2 (between 19 and 29 years), Group 3; (between 30 and 50 years), Group 4 (between 51 and 77 years). Samples were evaluated by two observers. Multiple linear regression models were performed to predict the chronological age for each indicator. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between chronological age and predicted dental age. Results: Coefficients of models 1 and 2 were 0.461 and 0.523, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed a negative relationship between chronological age and estimated age. The difference between sex is not statistically significant. The age between 30 and 50 years had the highest accuracy, whereas the age between 50 and 77 years had the lowest results among age subgroups. Conclusion: The parameters based on width provided more reliable outcomes than parameters based on length. The age between 30 to 59 years showed the highest accuracy of the pulp width and the pulp height in dental age prediction.Item Automatic Detection of Dentigerous Cysts on Panoramic Radiographs: A Deep Learning Study(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Ünsal, Gürkan; Other; OtherAim: The aim of this study is to create a model that enables the detection of dentigerous cysts on panoramic radiographs in order to enable dentistry students to meet and apply artificial intelligence applications. Methods: E.O. and I.T. who are 5th year students of the faculty of dentistry, detected 36 orthopantomographs whose histopathological examinations were determined as Dentigerous Cyst, and the affected teeth and cystic cavities were segmented using CranioCatch's artificial intelligence supported clinical decision support system software. Since the sizes of the images in the dataset are different from each other, all images were resized as 1024x514 and augmented as vertical flip, horizontal flip and both flips were applied on the train-validation. Within the obtained data set, 200 epochs were trained with PyTorch U-Net with a learning rate of 0.001, train: 112 images (112 labels), val: 16 images (16 labels). With the model created after the segmentations were completed, new dentigerous cyst orthopantomographs were tested and the success of the model was evaluated. Results: With the model created for the detection of dentigerous cysts, the F1 score (2TP / (2TP+FP+FN)) precision (TP/ (TP+N)) and sensitivity (TP/ (TP+FN)) were found to be 0.67, 0.5 and 1, respectively. Conclusion: With a CNN approach for the analysis of dentigerous cyst images, the precision has been found to be 0.5 even in a small database. These methods can be improved, and new graduate dentists can gain both experience and save time in the diagnosis of cystic lesions with radiographs.